作者：  邱  铸  鼎

摘要：  始鼠科(Eomyidae)是一类绝灭了的啮齿类动物，渐新世和中新世时广布全北区，但亚洲远没有欧洲和北美常见。中国含始鼠类化石地点不多，发现的属只有渐新世的Eomys、Eomyodon和Pseudotheridomy, 以及中新世的Keramidomys和Leptodontomys(Zheng and Li, 1982; Falhbusch et al., 1983; Wang and Emry, 1991; Qiu, 1996; Wang, 2002)。
　  本文描述的云南始鼠类化石，系1983年在禄丰石灰坝和1999、2000年在元谋雷老两个古猿地点采集到的。材料不多，但至少代表始鼠科的两个新属，为我国惟一采自南方，并与古猿类共生的稀少啮齿类动物。新种的模式产地均为禄丰石灰坝。
　  石灰坝和雷老小哺乳动物化石的研究表明，这两个“地方动物群”的时代均属中国陆相哺乳动物分期中的晚中新世保德期，与欧洲陆相哺乳动物MN11带上部或MN12带下部相当(Qiu and Storch, 1990; Qiu and Qiu, 1995; Qiu, 1995)。竹鼠类(rhizomyids)、仓鼠类(cricetids)和鼠类(murids)的演化水平，似乎指示了元谋动物群的时代略早；根据与西瓦立克竹鼠生物地层学和磁性地层学的对比，估计石灰坝动物群距今至少有8 Ma，而雷老可能达9 Ma(Flynn et al., 1998; Ni and Qiu, 2002; Storch and Ni, 2002)。

关键词：云南禄丰、元谋，中新世，石灰坝组、小河组，始鼠科

卷期：44卷 04期

　　  EOMYIDS (MAMMALIA: RODENTIA) FROM THE LATE MIOCENE LUFENG AND YUANMOU HOMINOID LOCALITIES, YUNNAN

QIU Zhu-Ding 

Abstract  The material which forms the basis of this study was collected from two hominoid localities, Shihuiba of Lufeng and Leilao of Yuanmou, in Yunnan Province in the last twenty years. Five forms of eomyid rodents, Plesieomys mirabilis gen. et sp. nov., Heteroeomys yunnanensis gen. et sp. nov., Leptodontomys pusillus sp. nov., Leptodontomys sp. and Eomyidae gen. et sp. indet. are now recognized in the two late Miocene faunas. Morphologically, Plesieomys n. gen. shows some similarities to Pseudadjidaumo Lindsay, 1972 of North America, but the phylogenetic relationship of the new genus to the American genus is uncertain. Heteroeomys exhibits a mixture of primitive and advanced dental features of bunodont eomyids and might be descended from an early Eomys species. Leptodontomys pusillus is characterized by its smaller size, weaker developed lingual anteroloph on M1/2, narrow anterolophid and poor mesolophid and hypolophid on m1/2. The eomyid record in Yunnan indicates that eomyid rodents are a wide-ranging family in Asia, and that forested habitats are preferred more by eomyids with bunodont cheek-teeth than by eomyids with lophodont cheek-teeth. 

Key words  Lufeng, Yuanmou, Yunnan, late Miocene, Shihuiba/Xiaohe Formation, Eomyidae