作者：徐钦琦

摘要：There were three kinds of climatic variation in earth-history. The first kind is the alternation of glaciation and nonglaciation with an average period of 200 to 300 million years. Glaciation or kryogene defiined as climate with "much ice", such as Quaternary Glaciation, Permo-Carboniferous Glaciation and so on. While nonglaciation or akryogene defined as climate with "a little ice"，such as Mesozoic Era, during which there was only a little ice in the world. From Mesozoic Era to Quaternary Glaciation or during the Tertiary period the climatic variation included three characteristics: 1.The annual range of temperature was gradually widened (Axelrod and Bailey, 1969). 2. The latitudinal temperature gradient was gradually increased (Figs. 1, 3).3. The mean annual temperature of the whole world dropped gradually (Figs. 1, 3). The first characteristic is the most important for understanding the cause of such climatic variation.

卷期：18卷 04期

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