作者：吴茂霖

摘要：The excavation was carried on by the author and other members of IVPP in 1977.  A lot of mammalian fossils, a great number of stone artifacts, some bone implements and 8 pieces of human remains were found in this excavation. The present article deals with only the human fossils.
　  The material includes five fragments of parietal bone, an occipital bone, a piece of right mandible ramus and an isolate upper molar.
　  The characters of the fossils may be summarized as follows:
　  1)  The parietal and occipital bones are rather thick. They are almost twice as thick as those of modern man.
　  2)  The greater flatness of the Xujiayao Man parietal restricte to the two langitudinal margins while the transverse ones are even more curved than in modern man.
　  3)  The ramifications of the middle meningeal artery do not show so simple as those of Peking Man, but ramifications of Xujiayao Man are simpler than those of modern man. Peking Man`s vessels are thicker than that of Xujiayao Man. The same as Maba Man, the posterior branch is larger than the anterior branch.
　  4)  The occipital torus is rather prominent, but is not so pronounced as that of Peking Man.  The occipital angle is 116°which precedes the maximum value of Peking Man(106°) and falls within the range of Neanderthal Group.
　  5)  The cerebral fossae are much larger than the cerebellar ones. The distance between the cruciate eminence and the occipital torus (inion) is 16.5mm. It is smaller than that of Peking Man`s figure. It falls within the upper range of Neanderthal Group.
　  6)  The mandible ramus is lower and wider. The angle of the mandible is smaller than that of modern man. The posterior border is more straight.
　  7)  The length and breadth of the tooth are very closed to that of Peking Man`s teeth.
　  From the evidences mentioned above, the position of the Xujiayao Man in the evolutionary scheme may be assigned as a form of Homo Sapiens neanderthalensis.
　  However, the Xujiayao Man is different from the Maba Man and Changyang Man. The robustness of the Xujiayao Man`s skulls is much larger than that of the Maba Man. The length and breadth of the tooth are larger than those of the Changyang Man. It is possible, therefore, that the Xujiayao Man belongs to another Neanderthal type.

卷期：18卷 03期