余官玥1，仪明洁1，张晓凌2, 3*，陈福友2, 3
1.中国人民大学历史学院，北京 100872；2.中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所，中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室，北京 100044；3.中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心，北京 100044
摘要：水洞沟遗址是中国北方旧石器时代晚期的著名遗址，石制品原料以就地取材的白云岩为主。本文利用水洞沟地区的白云岩生产细石叶和石片，进行了29组复制使用实验。对使用痕迹的观察表明：不同加工对象和使用方式导致细石叶上出现不同的微痕特征，细石叶适于装柄使用，以刮、切、削等利用侧刃缘的运动方式效率为高，尖部用于加工硬度较低的动植物效果较好。对比燧石、黑曜岩等不同石料的微痕实验数据可知，不同石料的产品，其使用痕迹存在一定差异。本文对白云岩细石叶的微痕实验，探讨了其适宜的使用方式和加工对象的范围，为分析水洞沟地区出土的白云岩细石叶功能提供了可资参考、对比的实验数据。
关键词：水洞沟遗址；白云岩；细石叶；微痕实验
An experimental study of use-wear on dolomite microblades from Shuidonggou
YU Guanyue1, YI Mingjie1, ZHANG Xiaoling*2,3, CHEN Fuyou2,3
1. School of History, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872; 2. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044;
3. CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044
Abstract: Shuidonggou is an important Late Paleolithic Site complex in North China. The raw materials are mainly local dolomite. In this paper, we conducted 29 groups of microwear experiments with microblades and flakes made of dolomite from the Shuidonggou region. The results indicate that use-wear differs according to the different tool motions and the varied worked materials. It is efficient for microblades to be hafted and employed as composite tools. The lateral edges of hafted microblades are efficient for scraping, cutting and shaving, and the points (distal ends) of microblades are suitbale for low hardness plants and animals. The use-wear produced by the same activities shows varied characteristics on artifacts made of different raw materials. We discussed the appropriate scope of tool motions and worked materials for microblades, and provide reference data for further functional study of microblades unearthed from Shuidonggou site.
Key words: Shuidonggou site; dolomite; microblade; microwear experiment
