Combined with two new fish-bearing beds from the Qingshui Formation in Wuning, Jiangxi and the Tangchiawu Formation in Ningguo, Anhui, processes on palaeoichthyological morphology and taxonomy, and revisions on the horizons of early Silurian fish fossils in China, the following processes are made: (1) the strata yielding Shuyuidae and Xiushuiaspidae in northwestern Zhejiang should be referred as the lower red beds Tangchiawu Formation, rather than the upper red beds Maoshan Formation; (2) the strata yielding Dayongaspidae in southeastern Anhui belong to the lower red beds Tangchiawu Formation; (3) the Houchiatang Formation belongs to the lower red beds according to the Dayongaspidae, Hanyangaspidae and Gumuaspidae yielded in this formation; (4) the Rongxi, Qingshui, Tangchiawu, and Houchiatang formations in South China and the Tataertag Formation in Tarim Basin can correlate with each other based on the palaeoichthyological evidence. On the basis of above progresses, the Wentang vertebrate assemblage yielded in the lower red beds of Hunan is revised, which is characterized by the occurrence and diversification of basal galeaspids (Dayongaspidae, Hanyangaspidae, and Xiushuiaspidae), the most basal Eugaleaspiformes (Shuyuidae), the most basal Polybranchiaspiformes (Gumuaspidae), and the Sinacanthidae of chondrichthyans.